Skjalav\u00f6rslustofnanir gegna lykilhlutverki vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 tryggja almenningi a\u00f0gengi a\u00f0 skj\u00f6lum. \u00de\u00e6r eiga ekki a\u00f0eins a\u00f0 veita a\u00f0gengi a\u00f0 skj\u00f6lum sem \u00fe\u00e6r var\u00f0veita sj\u00e1lfar, heldur einnig a\u00f0 sinna eftirliti me\u00f0 skjalahaldi og skjalav\u00f6rslu stj\u00f3rnvalda \u00ed dagsins \u00f6nn.<\/p>\n
Prentfrelsistilskipunin (Tryckfrihetsf\u00f6rordningen) \u00ed Sv\u00ed\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0 1766 og Yfirl\u00fdsingin um skjalar\u00e9ttindi manna \u00ed Frakklandi 1793 er upphafi\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00feessu og var stefnt gegn uppl\u00fdsingaeinokun og ritsko\u00f0un einveldis og valdamikilla a\u00f0alsmanna. Franska yfirl\u00fdsingin markar upphaf n\u00fat\u00edmalegra skjalasafna \u00ed Evr\u00f3pu. 37. grein hennar kve\u00f0ur \u00e1 um r\u00e9ttindi borgaranna til a\u00f0 gl\u00f6ggva sig \u00e1 opinberum skj\u00f6lum.<\/p>\n
Grundv\u00f6llur raunverulegs l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0is er umr\u00e6\u00f0a sem byggist \u00e1 \u00feekkingu. Prent-, sko\u00f0ana- og tj\u00e1ningarfrelsi er \u00fev\u00ed samtvinna\u00f0 og h\u00e1\u00f0 r\u00e9tti hins almenna borgara til \u00f3hefts a\u00f0gengis a\u00f0 skj\u00f6lum \u00fe.e. \u00e1rei\u00f0anlegum uppl\u00fdsingum. Opin stj\u00f3rns\u00fdsla og gagns\u00e6i felur \u00ed s\u00e9r a\u00f0 au\u00f0veldara er a\u00f0 draga stj\u00f3rnv\u00f6ld til \u00e1byrg\u00f0ar og hefur \u00ed f\u00f6r me\u00f0 s\u00e9r minni h\u00e6ttu \u00e1 spillingu, m\u00fatum og misferli. \u00deetta tengist m.a. r\u00e9ttinum til vitneskju um mengun \u00ed n\u00e1nasta umhverfi borgaranna \u00fe.e. s\u00f3tt-, efna- og geislamengun, neytendavernd og stj\u00f3rns\u00fdslusi\u00f0g\u00e6\u00f0i.<\/p>\n
\u00deetta vekur t.d. spurningar, eftir efnahagshrun \u00cdslands, um \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0ur \u00feess a\u00f0 skjalav\u00f6rslustofnanir \u00e1 \u00cdslandi eru svo veikbur\u00f0a sem raun ber vitni m.a. vegna langvarandi fj\u00e1rsveltis.<\/p>\n
Leynd \u00e1 \u00fdmsum svi\u00f0um samf\u00e9lagsins til a\u00f0 tryggja tiltekna hagsmuni veldur undantekningum fr\u00e1 opinni stj\u00f3rns\u00fdslu t.d. r\u00edkisleyndarm\u00e1l, oft herna\u00f0arleg, til varnar leyni\u00fej\u00f3nustustarfsemi e\u00f0a \u00ed almannavarnaskyni, vi\u00f0skipta- og i\u00f0na\u00f0arleyndarm\u00e1l og bankaleynd. Einkal\u00edfshagsmunir og pers\u00f3nuvernd eru einnig \u00fe\u00e1ttur \u00ed undantekningum fr\u00e1 almennu gagns\u00e6i.<\/p>\n
Um \u00fea\u00f0 hversu takmarka\u00f0 e\u00f0a takmarkalaust a\u00f0gengi a\u00f0 opinberum skj\u00f6lum \u00e1 a\u00f0 vera er st\u00f6\u00f0ugt \u00e1litam\u00e1l og deiluefni og er skemmst a\u00f0 minnast a\u00f0ger\u00f0a WikiLeaks samtakanna og vi\u00f0brag\u00f0a vi\u00f0 \u00feeim.<\/p>\n
A\u00f0gangur a\u00f0 skj\u00f6lum \u00ed v\u00f6rslu opinberra skjalasafna \u00e1 \u00cdslandi er skv. uppl\u00fdsingal\u00f6gum er sett voru 1996 og stj\u00f3rns\u00fdslul\u00f6gum.<\/p>\n
M\u00e1l sem \u00ed grunninn eru \u00feessu skyld og sn\u00faa a\u00f0 uppl\u00fdsingaeinokun \u00e1 grundvelli einkar\u00e9ttar \u00e1 hug- og v\u00e9lb\u00fana\u00f0i \u00ed t\u00f6lvugeiranum hafa m\u00e6tt hreyfingum sem titla sig Open \u00e1 ensku (Open Data, Open Source, Open Content, Open Access).<\/p>\n
H\u00e9r fylgja nokkrir tenglar til fr\u00f3\u00f0leiks og umhugsunar \u00ed \u00feessum efnum.<\/p>\n
S\u00e6nska prentfrelsistilskipunin 1766 \u2013 Tryckfrihetsf\u00f6rordningen<\/a><\/p>\n Um s\u00e6nsku prentfrelsistilskipunina<\/a><\/p>\n L\u00f6gin 7. Messidor \u00e1ri\u00f0 II (25. j\u00fan\u00ed 1794) \u2013 Yfirl\u00fdsingin um skjalar\u00e9ttindi manna<\/a><\/p>\n Yfirlitsgrein Wikipedia um l\u00f6ggj\u00f6f um a\u00f0gengi a\u00f0 uppl\u00fdsingum v\u00ed\u00f0a um heim<\/a><\/p>\n Al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a gagns\u00e6issamt\u00f6kin \u2013 Transparency International<\/a><\/p>\n \u00c1r\u00f3sasam\u00feykkt UNECE<\/a><\/p>\n Samstarfsvettvangur um opna stj\u00f3rns\u00fdslu \u2013 Open Government Partnership<\/a><\/p>\n Mi\u00f0st\u00f6\u00f0 ranns\u00f3knarbla\u00f0amennsku \u00e1 \u00cdslandi (Sl\u00f3\u00f0 \u00e1 vefsafn.is)<\/a><\/p>\n Bla\u00f0amannaf\u00e9lag \u00cdslands<\/a><\/p>\n Nefnd fr\u00e9ttamanna \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gu prentfrelsis \u00ed Bandar\u00edkjunum \u2013 Reporters Committee for the Freedom of the Press<\/a><\/p>\n Sk\u00fdrsla Nefndar fr\u00e9ttamanna \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gu prentfrelsis um einkav\u00e6\u00f0ingu gagnvart r\u00e9tti almennings til vitneskju \u2013 Reporters Committee for the Freedom of the Press: Privatization v. the Public\u2019s Right to Know<\/a><\/p>\n \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0fylking um uppl\u00fdsingafrelsi \u00ed Bandar\u00edkjunum \u2013 National Freedom of Information Coalition<\/a><\/p>\n \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0arstofnunin um fj\u00e1rmuni \u00ed r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lum \u00ed Bandar\u00edkjunum \u2013 National Institute on Money in State Politics<\/a><\/p>\n Al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0anet uppl\u00fdsingafrelsisl\u00f6gmanna \u2013 The Global Network of Freedom of Information Advocates<\/a><\/p>\n \u00de\u00fdska uppl\u00fdsingafrelsisf\u00e9lagi\u00f0 \u2013 Deutsche Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Informationsfreiheit<\/a><\/p>\n Hollenska hreyfingin \u201cVi\u00f0 treystum ekki kosningat\u00f6lvum\u201d \u2013 We do not trust voting computers<\/a><\/p>\n \u00de\u00fdsk stj\u00f3rnv\u00f6ld er fjalla um pers\u00f3nuvernd og uppl\u00fdsingafrelsi \u2013 Der Bundesbeauftragte f\u00fcr den Datenschutz und die Informationsfreiheit<\/a><\/p>\n EFF \u2013 Stofnunin rafr\u00e6n landam\u00e6ri<\/a><\/p>\n